N. E. Adler, T. Boyce, M. A. Chesney, S. Cohen, S. Folkman et al., Socioeconomic status and health: The challenge of the gradient., American Psychologist, vol.49, issue.1, pp.15-24, 1994.
DOI : 10.1037/0003-066X.49.1.15

M. Bopp and C. E. Minder, Mortality by education in German speaking Switzerland, 1990-1997: results from the Swiss National Cohort, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.32, issue.>3, pp.346-54, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dyg072

G. P. Chrousos, Stress and Sex Versus Immunity and Inflammation, Science Signaling, vol.3, issue.143, p.36, 2010.
DOI : 10.1126/scisignal.3143pe36

E. M. Crimmins, M. Johnston, M. Hayward, and T. Seeman, Age differences in allostatic load: an index of physiological dysregulation, Experimental Gerontology, vol.38, issue.7, pp.731-735, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0531-5565(03)00099-8

M. Devaki, R. Nirupama, and H. N. Yajurvedi, Chronic stress-induced oxidative damage and hyperlipidemia are accompanied by atherosclerotic development in rats, Stress, vol.89, issue.3, pp.233-276, 2013.
DOI : 10.1080/10253890802437779

J. B. Dowd and N. Goldman, Do biomarkers of stress mediate the relation between socioeconomic status and health?, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, vol.60, issue.7, pp.633-642, 2006.
DOI : 10.1136/jech.2005.040816

J. B. Dowd, A. M. Simanek, and A. E. Aiello, Socio-economic status, cortisol and allostatic load: a review of the literature, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.38, issue.5, pp.1297-309, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dyp277

G. W. Evans and E. Kantrowitz, Socioeconomic Status and Health: The Potential Role of Environmental Risk Exposure, Annual Review of Public Health, vol.23, issue.1, pp.303-334, 2002.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.112001.112349

M. Firmann, V. Mayor, P. M. Vidal, M. Bochud, A. Pecoud et al., The CoLaus study: a population-based study to investigate the epidemiology and genetic determinants of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome, BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, vol.55, issue.1, p.6, 2008.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.580

F. Forastiere, M. Stafoggia, C. Tasco, S. Picciotto, N. Agabiti et al., Socioeconomic status, particulate air pollution, and daily mortality: Differential exposure or differential susceptibility, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, vol.59, issue.3, pp.208-224, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/ajim.20368

O. Gersten, Neuroendocrine biomarkers, social relations, and the cumulative costs of stress in Taiwan, Social Science & Medicine, vol.66, issue.3, pp.507-526, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.09.004

S. Geyer, O. Hemstrom, R. Peter, and D. Vagero, Education, income, and occupational class cannot be used interchangeably in social epidemiology. Empirical evidence against a common practice, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, vol.60, issue.9, pp.804-814, 2006.
DOI : 10.1136/jech.2005.041319

L. C. Hawkley, L. A. Lavelle, G. G. Berntson, and J. T. Cacioppo, Mediators of the relationship between socioeconomic status and allostatic load in the Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study (CHASRS), Mediators of the relationship between socioeconomic status and allostatic load in the Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study (CHASRS), pp.1134-1179, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01185.x

A. M. Heraclides, T. Chandola, D. R. Witte, and E. J. Brunner, Work Stress, Obesity and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Gender-Specific Bidirectional Effect in the Whitehall II Study, Obesity, vol.54, issue.2, pp.428-461, 2012.
DOI : 10.1038/oby.2011.95

C. Hertzman, The Biological Embedding of Early Experience and Its Effects on Health in Adulthood, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.ii, issue.7, pp.85-95, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08107.x

C. Hertzman and T. Boyce, How Experience Gets Under the Skin to Create Gradients in Developmental Health, Annual Review of Public Health, vol.31, issue.1, pp.329-376, 2010.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103538

P. Hu, N. Wagle, N. Goldman, M. Weinstein, and T. E. Seeman, THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND MEASURES OF HEALTH IN OLDER TAIWANESE PERSONS: TAIWAN SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AND BIOMARKERS OF AGING STUDY, Journal of Biosocial Science, vol.39, issue.04, pp.545-56, 2007.
DOI : 10.1017/S0021932006001556

R. P. Juster, B. S. Mcewen, and S. J. Lupien, Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.35, issue.1, pp.2-16, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.10.002

R. P. Juster, S. Sindi, M. F. Marin, A. Perna, A. Hashemi et al., A clinical allostatic load index is associated with burnout symptoms and hypocortisolemic profiles in healthy workers, Psychoneuroendocrinology, vol.36, issue.6, pp.797-805, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.11.001

C. Kirschbaum, S. Wust, and D. Hellhammer, Consistent sex differences in cortisol responses to psychological stress., Psychosomatic Medicine, vol.54, issue.6, pp.648-57, 1992.
DOI : 10.1097/00006842-199211000-00004

N. Krieger, D. R. Williams, and N. E. Moss, Measuring Social Class in US Public Health Research: Concepts, Methodologies, and Guidelines, Annual Review of Public Health, vol.18, issue.1, pp.341-78, 1997.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.18.1.341

M. Kristenson, H. R. Eriksen, J. K. Sluiter, D. Starke, and H. Ursin, Psychobiological mechanisms of socioeconomic differences in health, Social Science & Medicine, vol.58, issue.8, pp.1511-1533, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00353-8

L. D. Kubzansky, I. Kawachi, and D. Sparrow, Socioeconomic status, hostility, and risk factor clustering in the normative aging study: Any help from the concept of allostatic load?, Annals of Behavioral Medicine, vol.16, issue.2, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02895966

M. E. Lean, T. S. Han, and C. E. Morrison, Waist circumference as a measure for indicating need for weight management, BMJ, vol.311, issue.6998, pp.158-61, 1995.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.311.6998.158

D. H. Lee, R. Blomhoff, D. R. Jacobs, and . Jr, ReviewIs Serum Gamma Glutamyltransferase a Marker of Oxidative Stress?, Free Radical Research, vol.22, issue.3, pp.535-544, 2004.
DOI : 10.1080/20014091084227

A. Lipinska-grobelny, Abstract, International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, vol.24, issue.1, pp.18-28, 2011.
DOI : 10.2478/s13382-011-0002-6

H. H. Liu, T. S. Shih, H. R. Huang, S. C. Huang, L. H. Lee et al., Plasma Homocysteine Is Associated with Increased Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Welders, The Scientific World Journal, vol.20, issue.5, p.370487, 2013.
DOI : 10.1253/circj.68.822

D. Maestripieri, N. M. Baran, P. Sapienza, and L. Zingales, Between- and within-sex variation in hormonal responses to psychological stress in a large sample of college students, Stress, vol.39, issue.5, pp.413-437, 2010.
DOI : 10.1095/biolreprod45.4.523

M. G. Marmot and R. G. Wilkinson, Social determinants of health, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198565895.001.0001
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01154124

J. E. Mason, R. D. Starke, and J. E. Van-kirk, Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase: A Novel Cardiovascular Risk BioMarker, Preventive Cardiology, vol.3, issue.suppl 42, pp.36-41, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1751-7141.2009.00054.x

D. Mccartney, P. Scarborough, P. Webster, and M. Rayner, Trends in social inequalities for premature coronary heart disease mortality in Great Britain: a time trend ecological study, BMJ Open, vol.2, 1994.

B. S. Mcewen, Stress, Adaptation, and Disease: Allostasis and Allostatic Load, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.259, issue.Suppl. 6, pp.33-44, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09546.x

B. S. Mcewen, Protection and Damage from Acute and Chronic Stress: Allostasis and Allostatic Overload and Relevance to the Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Disorders, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.301, issue.1, pp.1-7, 2004.
DOI : 10.1196/annals.1314.001

B. S. Mcewen, Stress, sex, and neural adaptation to a changing environment: mechanisms of neuronal remodeling, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.14, pp.38-59, 1204.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05568.x

B. S. Mcewen and E. Stellar, Stress and the individual. Mechanisms leading to disease, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.153, issue.18, pp.2093-101, 1993.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.153.18.2093

R. A. Miech and R. M. Hauser, Socioeconomic Status and Health at Midlife A Comparison of Educational Attainment with Occupation-Based Indicators, Annals of Epidemiology, vol.11, issue.2, pp.75-84, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1047-2797(00)00079-X

L. I. Pearlin, S. Schieman, E. M. Fazio, and S. C. Meersman, Stress, Health, and the Life Course: Some Conceptual Perspectives, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, vol.2, issue.2, pp.205-224, 2005.
DOI : 10.1177/002214650504600206

T. Seeman, E. Epel, T. Gruenewald, A. Karlamangla, and B. S. Mcewen, Socio-economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.4, issue.Suppl. 2, pp.223-262, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05341.x

T. E. Seeman, Social ties and health: The benefits of social integration, Annals of Epidemiology, vol.6, issue.5, pp.442-51, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S1047-2797(96)00095-6

T. E. Seeman, E. Crimmins, M. H. Huang, B. Singer, A. Bucur et al., Cumulative biological risk and socio-economic differences in mortality: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging, Social Science & Medicine, vol.58, issue.10, pp.1985-97, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00402-7

T. E. Seeman, B. S. Mcewen, J. W. Rowe, and B. H. Singer, Allostatic load as a marker of cumulative biological risk: MacArthur studies of successful aging, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.98, issue.8, pp.4770-4775, 2001.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.081072698

T. E. Seeman, B. H. Singer, J. W. Rowe, R. I. Horwitz, and B. S. Mcewen, Price of adaptation--allostatic load and its health consequences. MacArthur studies of successful aging, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.157, issue.19, pp.2259-68, 1997.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.157.19.2259

A. So and B. Thorens, Uric acid transport and disease, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.120, issue.6, pp.1791-1800, 2010.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI42344

P. Strazzullo and J. G. Puig, Uric acid and oxidative stress: Relative impact on cardiovascular risk, Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, vol.17, issue.6, pp.409-423, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.numecd.2007.02.011

A. Manoux, Socioeconomic status, structural and functional measures of social support, and mortality: The British Whitehall II Cohort Study, Am J Epidemiol, vol.175, pp.1275-83, 1985.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00710252

S. Stringhini, A. Dugravot, M. Kivimaki, M. Shipley, M. Zins et al., Do different measures of early life socioeconomic circumstances predict adult mortality? Evidence from the British Whitehall II and French GAZEL studies, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, vol.65, issue.12, pp.1097-103, 2011.
DOI : 10.1136/jech.2009.102376
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00511641

S. Stringhini, S. Sabia, M. Shipley, E. Brunner, H. Nabi et al., Association of Socioeconomic Position With Health Behaviors and Mortality, JAMA, vol.303, issue.12, pp.1159-66, 2010.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.2010.297
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00468691

C. Vassalle, C. Novembrino, S. Maffei, R. Sciarrino, R. De-giuseppe et al., Determinants of oxidative stress related to gender: relevance of age and smoking habit, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, vol.49, issue.9, pp.1509-1522, 2011.
DOI : 10.1515/CCLM.2011.622

W. Bank, World Development Indicators. +33 (0)1 34 43, pp.1291-9616, 2012.