Cannabis Use Increases the Risk of Sickness Absence: Longitudinal Analyses From the CONSTANCES Cohort

Amélia Déguilhem (1) , Annette Leclerc (1) , Marcel Goldberg (1) , Cédric Lemogne (2, 3) , Yves Roquelaure (4, 5, 6) , Marie Zins (1) , Guillaume Airagnes (7, 1)

1 CONSTANCES - Cohortes épidémiologiques en population
2 Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris]
3 IPNP - U1266 Inserm - Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris
4 IRSET-ESTER - Épidémiologie en Santé au Travail et Ergonomie
5 CHU Angers - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers
6 Irset - Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail
7 HEGP - Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP]

Aims To examine the longitudinal associations between cannabis use and risks of short (<7 days), medium (7-28 days), and long (>28 days) sickness absences at one-year follow-up. Methods 87,273 participants aged 18-65 years from the French CONSTANCES cohort reported their frequency of cannabis use at inclusion between 2012 and 2018. Sickness absences occurring during one year of follow-up were collected from national medico-administrative registries. Multivariable generalized linear regressions were used to compute the Odds Ratios (OR) with their 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) of having at least one sickness absence at follow-up compared to no sickness absence, while controlling for sociodemographic factors, chronic conditions and occupational factors. Results Cannabis use more than once a month was associated with an increased risk of short (OR, [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.32–1.83]) and medium (1.29 [1.07–1.54]) sickness absences at one-year follow-up, with dose-dependent relationships for short sickness absences (1.13 [1.08–1.18], p -for-trend <0.001). In stratified analyses, cannabis use was associated with an increased risk of sickness absences in older individuals, men, participants with good self-rated health, living or having lived as a couple, and having an open-ended contract. Conclusions Cannabis use prospectively increased the risk of short and medium sickness absences, even from once a month and with a dose-dependent relationship for short sickness absences. These findings should be considered in information and prevention public health campaigns to alert the general population and workers to this increased risk.

Domaines: Santé publique et épidémiologie

Amélia Déguilhem, Annette Leclerc, Marcel Goldberg, Cédric Lemogne, Yves Roquelaure, et al.. Cannabis Use Increases the Risk of Sickness Absence: Longitudinal Analyses From the CONSTANCES Cohort. Frontiers in Public Health, 2022, 10, ⟨10.3389/fpubh.2022.869051⟩. ⟨hal-03689645⟩